Authorised capital vs paid-up capital: how much to start with
When you register a company, you choose two numbers: authorised capital, the maximum the company may issue, and paid-up capital, what founders actually put in. Getting them right keeps registration cheap and leaves room to grow.
The four kinds of capital
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Authorised | The ceiling on shares the company can issue, stated in the MOA |
| Issued | Shares the company has offered |
| Subscribed | Shares that people have agreed to take |
| Paid-up | The amount actually paid for subscribed shares |
At incorporation, issued and subscribed capital are usually equal to the shares taken by the subscribers in the MOA.
How to choose
- There is no minimum paid-up capital. ₹10,000 to ₹1 lakh is common for a bootstrapped start.
- Keep authorised capital at or below the level where MCA fees are waived (currently ₹15 lakh), unless you need more now.
- Stamp duty rises with authorised capital, so don't over-authorise.
- Leave headroom above paid-up capital so you can issue shares to a co-founder or early angel without an immediate increase.
- Face value of ₹10 per share is common; ₹1 makes splitting equity easier.
You can always increase authorised capital later. See SH-7.
Frequently asked questions
This guide is general information, not legal advice. Government fees and procedures change; confirm current figures before you file.
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- Increasing authorised share capital: SH-7 process
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